Crystal oscillator is an electronic device that uses the piezoelectric effect of crystal to generate a stable frequency signal. It plays a key role in electronic systems and provides accurate clock signals and frequency references for various devices. The following is a detailed introduction to crystal oscillators:

Working Principle:

The core component of the crystal oscillator is quartz crystal (there are other crystal materials, but quartz crystal is the most widely used). Quartz crystal has a piezoelectric effect, that is, when an alternating voltage is applied to the two electrodes of the crystal, the crystal will produce mechanical vibrations; conversely, when the crystal is subjected to mechanical stress and vibrates, an alternating voltage will be generated on its electrodes. In addition, quartz crystal has an inherent vibration frequency. When the frequency of the applied alternating voltage is equal to the inherent frequency of the crystal, resonance will occur. At this time, the vibration amplitude of the crystal reaches the maximum and the generated alternating voltage is also the strongest. Through appropriate circuit design, combining the crystal with an amplifier circuit, etc., this resonance can be sustained and a stable frequency signal can be output.